You Don't See in 4K

Climate Sensitiviy

Very few people actually deny that the earth is getting warmer and that man is the cause.  The real issue is the Climate Sensitivity to a doubling of CO2, and there is widespread disagreement over what that is.  The IPCC gives a range of 1.5 to 4.5 degrees celsius, with them giving an average number of 3 degrees.  The skeptics are on the low end of that scale, and some people are claiming it is actually higher with predictions going from 6 to 12 degrees. 

It is important to note that the CO2 response is logarithmic.  You have to keep doubling it to get the same effect.

The polar ice caps need a 5 degree increase to start melting.  I have seen three different sources claim that it would take 5,000 years for the polar ice caps to melt, meaning that we have some time to deal with this problem.  According to one source, most of our fossil fuels will run out by the year 2100, and the last one, coal, runs out by 2150.  By the year 2100 we will only double the CO2 from the current level, reaching 800 parts per million.   If we run out of fossil fuels then we are not going to get much higher than 800 parts per million.

There are strong reasons to think that nuclear fusion will be practical in my lifetime, which is to say in the next 20 to 30 years.  We might see it in 10 years.  It could make the whole argument mute.

I have repeatedly looked at the data for both CO2 and temperature from 1880 to the present.   For some reason a lot of people refer to 1880 as a starting point, and I have had a hard time finding consistent data prior to that date.

In the last 138 years, the average global atmospheric temperature has gone up 1 degree celsius.  That is an average increase of less than a 1/100 of a degree per year.  The level of CO2 increase is around 43%.  The relationship is not linear, but logarithmic,  which means that if I were to multiply these figures I would get a Climate Sensitivity that is slightly too high.  Still, if I do just basic math, I come up with a Climate Sensitivity of 2.33 degrees celsius, which is well within the range of what some climate skeptics have been saying all along.

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Best wishes,

John Coffey

http://www.entertainmentjourney.com

Top 10 Greatest Space Missions to Other Planets

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4mOlsvXJXUU

Fwd: Liver disease deaths spike among young Americans

the study -- published Wednesday in the BMJ -- found that deaths in the United States due to cirrhosis rose 65% and deaths from liver cancer doubled from 1999 to 2016. In that period, cirrhosis-related deaths increased for every ethnic group and for both men and women.

From 2009 to 2016, the greatest increase in death rate from cirrhosis was among people 25 to 34

Tapper cited a rise in binge-drinking among young people to account for the increase in cirrhosis-related mortality

https://www-m.cnn.com/2018/07/19/health/liver-cirrhosis-death-rate-study/index.html?r=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2F

Telescope Upgrade Produces Stunningly Clear Views of Space

https://amp.space.com/41202-new-adaptive-optics-produces-stunning-views.html

Why graphene hasn’t taken over the world...yet

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IesIsKMjB4Y

Voyager: The Farthest in Space.

I watched this documentary on Netflix streaming.  I really enjoyed it.  Maybe it airs on PBS occasionally.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VwT3QgKORuQ

I have a deep interest in physics

I watched this video twice to try to understand it.  I will probably watch it a third time.  The math is way beyond my level.  If I were to work hard enough,  maybe  I could learn the mathematics, but it wouldn't be worth the effort.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V5kgruUjVBs

Since I like physics so much, maybe I should have made that my profession.  However, I think that I like computer programming even more.  In the very early days of micro-computers, back in the 1970's, I seemed to have a talent for programming in the same way I had a talent for chess.

I think that my interest in physics comes from wanting to understand how the universe works.  However, there are subtleties in the physical universe that are too deep for anybody but a physicist to understand.

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Best wishes,

John Coffey

http://www.entertainmentjourney.com

Beyond the Higgs: What's Next for the LHC?

This may not interest anybody as much as it does me, but I like it when one video explain

​s​

all of physics:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=edvdzh9Pggg

Fwd: Active Antarctic Volcano

The West Antarctic Ice Sheet lies atop a major volcanic rift system, but there had been no evidence of current magmatic activity, the URI scientist said. The last such activity was 2,200 years ago, Loose said. And while volcanic heat can be traced to dormant volcanoes, what the scientists found at Pine Island was new.

"You can't directly measure normal indicators of volcanism — heat and smoke —  because the volcanic rift is below many kilometers of ice," Loose said

But as the team conducted its research, it found high quantities of an isotope of helium, which comes almost exclusively from mantle, Loose said.

"When you find helium-3, it's like a fingerprint for volcanism. We found that it is relatively abundant  in the seawater at the Pine Island shelf.

"The volcanic heat sources were found beneath the fastest moving and the fastest melting glacier in Antarctica, the Pine Island Glacier," Loose said. "It is losing mass the fastest."

He said the amount of ice sliding into the ocean is measured in gigatons. A gigaton equals 1 billion metric tons.

https://today.uri.edu/news/researchers-discover-volcanic-heat-source-under-major-antarctic-glacier/

Fwd: Saturn's moon

Saturn moon Enceladus is first alien 'water world' with complex organics

http://www.foxnews.com/science/2018/06/27/saturn-moon-enceladus-is-first-alien-water-world-with-complex-organics.amp.html

Fwd: Infared stealth blanket

Less than one millimeter thick, the sheet absorbs approximately 94 percent of the infrared light it encounters. Trapping so much light means that warm objects beneath the cloaking material become almost completely invisible to infrared detectors.

Importantly, the stealth material can strongly absorb light in the so-called mid- and long-wavelength infrared range, the type of light emitted by objects at approximately human body temperature.

To trap infrared light, Jiang and colleagues turned to a unique material called black silicon, which is commonly incorporated into solar cells

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/06/180622174752.htm

Fwd: Using wireless signals to set humans through walls

MIT has given a computer x-ray vision, but it didn't need x-rays to do it. The system, known as RF-Pose, uses a neural network and radio signals to track people through an environment and generate wireframe models in real time. It doesn't even need to have a direct line of sight to know how someone is walking, sitting, or waving their arms on the other side of a wall.

https://www.extremetech.com/extreme/271310-mits-new-ai-can-see-through-walls

Fwd: World's Strongest Bio-Material Outperforms Steel and Spider Silk

The scientists started with commercially available cellulose nanofibres that are just 2 to 5 nanometres in diameter and up to 700 nanometres long. A nanometre (nm) is a millionth of a millimetre. The nanofibres were suspended in water and fed into a small channel, just one millimetre wide and milled in steel. Through two pairs of perpendicular inflows additional deionized water and water with a low pH-value entered the channel from the sides, squeezing the stream of nanofibres together and accelerating it.

This process, called hydrodynamic focussing, helped to align the nanofibres in the right direction as well as their self-organisation into a well-packed macroscopic thread. No glue or any other component is needed, the nanofibres assemble into a tight thread held together by supramolecular forces between the nanofibres, for example electrostatic and Van der Waals forces

Measurements showed a tensile stiffness of 86 gigapascals (GPa) for the material and a tensile strength of 1.57 GPa. "The bio-based nanocellulose fibres fabricated here are 8 times stiffer and have strengths higher than natural dragline spider silk fibres," says Söderberg. "If you are looking for a bio-based material, there is nothing quite like it. And it is also stronger than steel and any other metal or alloy as well as glass fibres and most other synthetic materials." The artificial cellulose fibres can be woven into a fabric to create materials for various applications. The researchers estimate that the production costs of the new material can compete with those of strong synthetic fabrics

https://www.rdmag.com/news/2018/05/worlds-strongest-bio-material-outperforms-steel-and-spider-silk

Jordan Peterson: Graduate School and IQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qgn4omUmOhI

Dr. Jordan Peterson's INTERESTING lecture on Autism

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H-i-U0B9y60

Top 10 Innovators Who Changed The World

https://youtu.be/ecITk2o5xEU

China’s 9½-ton space lab will soon crash to Earth. Scientists think they know where — sort of.

https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2018/03/07/china-space-lab/?utm_term=.55186c78a1ac

What If the Smallest Black Hole Entered the Solar System?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AceEjtXigQQ

Film Theory: The Bee Movie LIED To You!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kf2-86o5S1o

Fwd: Alzheimer's

Researchers have found that gradually depleting an enzyme called BACE1 completely reverses the formation of amyloid plaques in the brains of mice with Alzheimer's disease, thereby improving the animals' cognitive function. The study raises hopes that drugs targeting this enzyme will be able to successfully treat Alzheimer's disease in humans.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180214093712.htm

Yes, Apollo Flew Through the Van Allen Belts Going to the Moon

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bLtgS2_qxJk

Why NASA Won’t Send Humans to Mars

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vv593WeDw2s

NASA Wants to Drill Into Yellowstone Supervolcano

https://www.theepochtimes.com/nasa-wants-to-drill-into-yellowstone-supervolcano_2425824.html

How Technicolor changed movies

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mqaobr6w6_I

How the first nude movies were made

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDdzJFLw9yw

Galaxy Song - Monty Python Live in O2 Arena.

I was going to write a Facebook post about how absurd it all seems to
me, that we live on a big rock, rotating at 1037 miles an hour (less
as you move away from the equator), going around the Sun at 67,000
MPH, and moving around the galaxy at unfathomable speed, and all of
this is like a grain of sand on the beach of an immense cosmic ocean
that is forever expanding at an ever accelerating rate.

However, this video expresses it much better:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fqBThWK8rqE

Universe (Copy of Facebook Post.)

When I think of the Universe, I think of space. Lots and lots of space. There are around 100 billion galaxies, although I have heard that there might be more, and most galaxies contain at least 100 billion stars. Our Milky Way galaxy alone has between 100 and 400 billion stars and is a hundred thousand light years across. Our galaxy is so big that its gravitational attraction is strong enough to have smaller galaxies orbit it the way the moon orbits the earth.

But what the universe is made of is energy. Enormous amounts of it. Even empty space has energy. Most of the mass of elementary particles comes from the huge amount of energy inside those particles. Energy created the universe and energy causes it to expand at an ever accelerating rate. Energy created space itself.

Empty space is not empty, but full of fields that have energy in them. Everywhere there are fields that correspond to each elementary particle that makes up the universe, and a field for every force that defines how those particles interact. We can't see the fields, but we can observe the results of those fields. The universe is like a boiling pot of water full of energy, and we only observe what is on the surface.

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Best wishes,

John Coffey

http://www.entertainmentjourney.com

Missing matter found.

​https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RchRrngfjQY​

Quantum Fields: The Real Building Blocks of the Universe - with David Tong

If you have any interest in science, here is a recent hour long video that explains what quantum field theory is, in an easy to understand and entertaining way. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zNVQfWC_evg

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Best wishes,

John Coffey

http://www.entertainmentjourney.com