Sunday, November 9, 2025

Shape of a photon

https://www.youtube.com/shorts/Y_Z3vq3l5zU


It seemed questionable to me that photons would have a shape.  Photons are electromagnetic waves.  The picture describes the shape of the wave in a particular circumstance.

If I can make an analogy, the subatomic level is like the surface of a turbulent ocean.  All matter behaves like waves.  Most of what is going on we can't perceive, and we only see the big waves.


No, photons do not have a fixed, measurable volume because they are quantum particles that also behave as waves. While they can be confined to a specific region of space, they are not point-like objects with a defined surface. Instead, their "size" is better understood by their wavelength and frequency or as a probability distribution of where the photon is located. 
Why photons don't have a volume
  • Quantum wave-particle duality: 
    Photons exhibit both wave and particle properties. As a wave, they don't have a discrete volume like a ball but exist as a disturbance in an electromagnetic field. As a particle, they are an elementary excitation of that field, not a point-like object with an intrinsic size. 
  • Probability, not a physical boundary: 
    The "location" of a photon is described by a probability distribution, meaning there isn't a hard edge you can measure. A photon doesn't have a "shell" that occupies a specific space, so you can't measure its volume directly. 
  • Wavelength and frequency: 
    A photon's properties are described by its wavelength and frequency, not its volume. For example, high-frequency photons have a shorter wavelength but are not considered "smaller" in a volumetric sense. 
  • Confined but not a fixed size: 
    While a photon can be confined to a specific region (for instance, in an optical cavity), the photon itself is not what gives the cavity its volume. Instead, a photon with a certain energy can be thought of as existing within that space, much like a wave can exist within a specific area of a pond. 

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